Normal temperature in dogs
In a healthy dog, the body temperature ranges from 37.3–39.3°C. However, this norm is not universal: the value can vary depending on breed, age, and individual characteristics of the animal. For instance, puppies and miniature breeds often have higher temperatures — their metabolism works faster, which affects heat exchange. In older dogs or large breeds, the measurement may be closer to the lower limit due to slowed metabolic processes.
How to measure a dog’s temperature
It is important to remember that slight fluctuations in a dog's body temperature — within 0.5 °C — are quite acceptable. These can be caused by stress, active physical exertion, or other factors. However, if the temperature is significantly higher or lower than normal, it is cause for concern and warrants closer attention to the pet's condition.
When a dog's body temperature signals problems
Changes in temperature in a dog can be divided into two main states:
1. Hyperthermia (elevated temperature)
If a dog's body temperature exceeds 39.5 °C, one can talk about hyperthermia. The animal becomes lethargic, and its nose is dry and warm. In severe cases, the pet may experience vomiting or diarrhea. Such a condition is often accompanied by shivering or chills.
2. Hypothermia (lowered temperature)
When the temperature falls below 37 °C, it refers to hypothermia. Symptoms include apathy, drowsiness, and lack of appetite. In severe cases, convulsions, difficulty breathing, and even coma may occur. This condition requires immediate intervention.
How to measure a dog’s temperature
You can detect that a dog's body temperature has changed using a thermometer. However, for an accurate result, it is important to follow the correct measuring technique.
Choosing a thermometer
Several types of thermometers are available on the market, each with its own features:
- Mercury thermometer — provides high accuracy, but requires time and patience from the pet. It is suitable for calm dogs that can remain still.
- Electronic thermometer — quick and convenient but may have a small error (±0.5-1°C).
- Ear thermometer — easy to use, but not always accurate. It is better to use it when other devices are unavailable.
- Non-contact infrared thermometer — an ideal choice for dogs that do not tolerate medical procedures. It allows temperature measurement without contact, reducing stress for the animal.
It is recommended to allocate a separate thermometer for the dog and keep it in the veterinary first-aid kit.
Step-by-step instructions: how to measure a dog's temperature rectally
The most accurate way to measure a dog's temperature is rectally. Although this procedure may seem complicated, by following the algorithm, you can do it quickly and carefully:
1. Prepare everything you need: put on gloves, disinfect the thermometer, and lubricate the tip with petroleum jelly or baby cream.
2. Calm the pet: speak to the dog in a soft tone, place it on its side, and hold it in this position.
3. Inserting the thermometer: gently lift the tail and insert the thermometer into the rectum. The depth of insertion depends on the size of the dog: for small breeds — 1.5 cm, for large breeds — 2 cm, for puppies not deeper than 1 cm.
4. Waiting for the result: hold the thermometer for 1–5 minutes, depending on its type. Electronic devices emit a signal when the measurement is complete.
5. Completing the procedure: record the readings, then carefully wipe and disinfect the thermometer.
After completing the measurement, be sure to praise the dog and give it a treat for good behavior.
Alternative methods
If the rectal method poses challenges, you can use the ear or axillary method for measuring. The ear thermometer should simply be held near the ear canal, and for the axillary method, the thermometer is placed in the dog's armpit and held for 3-5 minutes. However, this method is not highly accurate and is applied in cases where it is impossible to measure the dog's temperature rectally.
When to measure the temperature
It is not necessary to measure the dog's body temperature constantly. This procedure is carried out only in the presence of symptoms of illness or discomfort. Signs that indicate the need for a check include:
- Lethargy/apathy.
- Suspected elevated body temperature upon touch.
- Injuries that may be accompanied by fever.
- Particular attention should be paid to puppies: in newborn dogs, temperature is often measured to monitor their condition in the first days of life.
Conclusions
A dog's body temperature is a key indicator of its health. Understanding normal values and knowing how to measure temperature accurately will help detect problems in time and seek veterinary assistance. By caring for your pet's health, you ensure it a long and happy life.
Now you know how to measure a dog's temperature and will be able to handle this task in any situation!